social science issues related to war

Zornick, G. (2012, January 6). In one example of what Tirman (2011, p. 153) calls a typical massacre, US soldiers arrived at a village that had just been bombed and ordered surviving residents to gather at the center of the town. This includes social, environmental, economic and ethical issues created by the high rate of change to technology, societies, ecosystems, cultures, lifestyles and thinking that have characterized this period of world history. Time. Gender-related issues have risen over the past years as ideas like feminism and equality become mainstream topics. Causes of war. Ashton, A. Americas defense meltdown: Pentagon reform for President Obama and the new Congress Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Planes sprayed and bombed these chemicals. New York Times, June 23, p. A19. Wheeler, W. T. (2009). After World War II, the GI Bill helped millions of veterans to go to college and otherwise readjust to civilian life. The document you are viewing contains questions related to this textbook. Some of the social science issues related to war are as follows; the effects of war on the family and the society. Some 59% of Americans say science and religion are often in conflict, while 38% say the two are mostly compatible. More than 100 million soldiers and civilians are estimated to have died during the international and civil wars of the twentieth century (Leitenberg, 2006). (2011). Pinker, S. (2012). This $29 billion sum for each submarine during its lifetime could provide 5.8 million scholarships worth $5,000 each to low- and middle-income high school students to help them pay for college. A.I.D.E. A recent study found that adolescents with a deployed parent are more likely than those with civilian parents to feel depressed and suicidal. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A6. A prime example of this latter dynamic is the Vietnam War. Feb. 24, 2023 A team of researchers has highlighted human-wildlife conflict as one of the globe's most pressing human development and conservation dilemmas. When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. Each submarine is projected to cost more than $8 billion to build and another $21 billion in constant dollars in operation and maintenance costs over its lifetime (Castelli, 2012). Yet some inexorable force seems to impel both governments (and peoples) in that direction. Drugs and alcohol abuse. (2011). A concerted effort needed to help homeless veterans. In fact, rape and sexual assault are the leading cause of PTSD among women veterans, while combat trauma is the leading cause of PTSD among male veterans. Tirman (2012, p. 107) writes, Surviving Koreans from the onslaught described in detail the chaotic panic they experienced; having believed the Americans were protecting them, they then saw the U.S. troops fire indiscriminately at men, women, and children at the scene. At the end of the three days, about four hundred civilians lay dead. CNN.com. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. (2011). Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment Identify two social science issues related to war. Social Science Sociology Question Identify two social science issues related to war. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. In this manner, a genetic tendency for physical aggression and warfare developed and thus still exists today. To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). In addition to psychological and physiological trauma, rape and sexual assault impose huge economic costs on the military because of medical expenses for helping survivors and for prosecuting their rapists. Military spending: A poor job creator. War made easy: How presidents and pundits keep spinning us to death. Tirman notes that approximately 6 million civilians and soldiers died in the Korean, Vietnam/Indochina, Iraq, and Afghanistan wars. The Nation. After they did so, US ground troops shot them and left a pile of dead bodies that included twenty-one children. Union of Concerned Scientists. However, later investigation revealed that the attack never occurred and that the White House lied to Congress and the American people (Wells, 1994). Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. Image courtesy of Sgt. Choose one of the five social institutions. . The second period is 19391945, when World War II killed 55 million people. Discretionary spending involves the money the president and Congress must decide how to spend each year and includes federal income tax dollars only. Another dimension of militarism involves arms exports by both the US government and US military contractors. In addition, half of American children need food stamps at some time before becoming adults, while this problem is far rarer in Europe. As a result, reported rapes and sexual assaults compose only a very small percentage of all military rapes and sexual assaults. (2011, July 22). Still, tensions often arise. Only about one-seventh of these victims reported their rapes and sexual assaults. Public, private organizations work to help thousands of homeless veterans in NY. Napalm is a very flammable jellylike substance made out of gasoline, soap, and white phosphorous. 14 Week 1 Question 6 Identify two social science issues related to war; 15 16.4 Issues and Problems in Education - Sociology; 16 Social Problems Affecting Students & Schools - Synonym; 1 SCIENCE RELATED SOCIAL ISSUES IN THE ELEMENTARY - jstor. Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. . (2012, February 18). (2011). Advertisement capkay1505 Noting that the military budget today exceeds the average budget during the Cold War, they think military spending is far higher than it needs to be to ensure the nations defense with the Soviet Union no longer a threat. Identify two social science issues related to education. Although 55 million is more than 40 million, the worlds population in the thirteenth century was only one-seventh its population during the World War II period. The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, in which Congress authorized President Lyndon Johnson to wage an undeclared war in Vietnam, was passed after North Vietnamese torpedo boats allegedly attacked US ships. Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. Edward B. Tylor concluded his survey of human culture with the remark that "the science of culture is essentially a reformer's science" (1958[1871]:539).A. The Nation. Now, all I see is blood (Herdy & Moffeit, 2004, p. 4). Second, members of Congress fear being labeled weak on defense if they try to reduce the military budget or do not agree to new weapons systems requested by the Pentagon. It examines issues such as military recruiting, race and gender representation in the military, combat, military families, military social organization, war and peace, and the military as welfare. As Chapter 15 Population and the Environment discussed, population growth may lead to armed conflict of various types, including war, because growing populations need more food, water, and other resources. Stopping Americas most lethal export. That problem is rape, as at least one-fifth and perhaps as many as 84 percent of all military service are raped or sexually assaulted (including sexual harassment) by other military personnel (Turchik & Wilson, 2010). Helicopter parenting: How it affects the development of children. It also documents the psychological and health effects of military sexual assault (MSA). Oscar Arias, a former president of Costa Rica and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, echoed these famous words from President Eisenhower when he wrote a decade ago that US military spending took money away from important domestic needs. The two atomic bombs dropped by the United States over Japan during World War II killed tens of thousands of civilians. The share saying that science and religion often conflict is up modestly from 55% in a 2009 Pew Research survey, while the share saying the two are mostly compatible has stayed the same at 38%. The article presents major trends and turning points in the growth of five social science disciplines in the country: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. Human beings live in a society with other humans. What it means to be a democrat. But not all civilians are affected equally. What do you think is the worst problem that veterans have faced in returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.vvaw.org/veteran/article/?id=823. If we say the history of the United States has been written in war, that is not too much of an exaggeration. Dont blame the caveman. Retrieved from http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs. Choose one of the five social institutions. Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues that could be researched further. Additionally, some people lose their homes due to the war leading to homelessness as a social problem in the community. Families go through savings and older parents dip into retirement funds (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). Religion is a very important ideology in this regard. appeared first on Yourhomeworksolutions. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. 1). 9. Martinez, L., & Bingham, A. Why we should help veterans start their own businesses. First, the defense industry is very effective at lobbying Congress for increased military spending, with the cozy relationship among members of the military-industrial complex helping to ensure the effectiveness of this lobbying. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://defensenewsstand.com/NewsStand-General/The-INSIDER-Free-Article/dod-new-nuclear-subs-will-cost-347-billion-to-acquire-operate/menu-id-720.html. Marcum has joined a growing community of spouses, parents and partners who, confronted with damaged loved ones returning from war who can no longer do for themselves, drop most everything in their own lives to care for them. Where your income tax money really goes. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Bikeshedding Bikeshedding is the tendency for groups to focus on solving trivial problems while neglecting larger problems. Audit of Pentagon spending finds $70 billion in waste. Third, and helping to explain the success of this lobbying, military spending provides jobs and income to the home districts of members of Congress. Stalsburg, B. L. (2011). For example, the Iraq war that began in 2003 involved two countries more than any others, the United States and Iraq. With the Covid-19 pandemic, 2020 brought the Black Lives Matter protest in the limelight. Critics of the military budget argue that it is more accurate to cite its share of discretionary spending rather than its share of all federal spending (i.e., mandatory plus discretionary). Social studies represent integrated and systematic study of several areas of social science/ humanities, among which economics, civics, history, geography, culture, sociology, political science, archaeology, law, philosophy, religion, etc. Between the end of the colonial period and 1993, the US military was involved in at least 234 declared wars, undeclared wars, or other situations abroad involving actual or potential armed conflict (Collier, 1993). Perhaps worse, the United States ranks last among the worlds twenty wealthiest democracies in life expectancy and infant mortality and also ranks worst in the risk of dying before age 60. Baker, L. (2012, February 18). But he also notes that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed by American troops against civilians. ABC News. His wife April had to quit her teaching job to take care of him, and their life savings slowly dwindled. As the text discusses, most military women who are raped or sexually assaulted do not report these crimes to military authorities. A., & Wilson, S. M. (2010). (2012, January 12). Many veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have also come back home with these problems. Gleditsch, N. P., & Theisen, O. M. (2010). Bacevich, A. (2011, November 11). In 2010, the US official military budget (defense outlays only) was $698 billion. Even if they are less frequent and less deadly than in the past, that is of little comfort to the tens of millions of people around the world during the past century who died or otherwise suffered in war and other armed conflict and who live in fear today of becoming a victim of armed conflict. Neither the leaders whom the Russians have chosen or accepted nor the The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber) Rich Dad, Poor Dad (Robert T. Kiyosaki) Interpersonal Communication (Kory Floyd) Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham) Give Me Liberty! Choices under fire: Moral dimensions of World War II. As we move further into the twenty-first century, the issue of military spending will present a major challenge for US political and economic institutions to address in a way that meets Americas international and domestic interests. This change is widely credited with helping spur the hopes of southern African Americans that racial desegregation would someday occur in their hometowns (McKeeby, 2008). As its name implies, mandatory spending is required by various laws and includes such things as Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, and interest payments on the national debt. New York Times, p. WK3. Obamas defense cuts are a drop in the bucket. New York Times, p. A12. Tirman, J. The American Civil War, also called the War Between the States, then tore it apart less than a century later. Napalm bombs were used in World War II to set fire to cities, military bunkers, and other targets. This issue may impact . Looking after the soldier, back home and damaged. Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars listed the hundreds of thousands of troop deaths in American wars. It . Through research, discussion and debate, the social and behavioral science communities confront important societal issues everyday. Wrangham, R. W. (2004). Nuclear weapons overview. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress. Historically and also today, nations in the Middle East and elsewhere have gone to war or are otherwise in conflict because of religious differences. Some 400,000 tons of napalm were used altogether. Bess, M. (2008). Climate change is one of the most devastating problems the world has ever faced. Much of these mandatory expenses are funded by trust funds, such as Social Security taxes, which are raised and spent separately from income taxes. ), The Routledge handbook of security studies (pp. APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from by clicking the purchase button below $12.00 Added to cart Related Questions: Watch this clip from the popular TV show Adam Ruins Everything titled The Secret Reason Weed is Illegal . Vietnam Veterans Against the War. 9.5 million children receiving low-income health care (Medicaid), 1.7 million students receiving full-tuition scholarships at state universities, 1.6 million Head Start slots for children. But veterans are casualties in other ways, as the news story that began this chapter made clear. However it is calculated, the US military budget is by far the highest in the world and in fact accounts for 43 percent of the worlds military spending. Source: First F-35C Flight, Wikipedia, Last modified on November 20, 2011, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv. Sometimes, as with the US entrance into World War II after Pearl Harbor, these decisions are sincere and based on a perceived necessity to defend a nations people and resources, and sometimes these decisions are based on cynicism and deceit (Solomon, 2006). Retrieved from https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/files/FY2012piechart-color.pdf. Betrayal in the Ranks. The first is the thirteenth century, when the Mongol Empire under the initial leadership of Genghis Khan became an empire in Asia and Eastern Europe through wars and conquest in which it killed 40 million people. napalm sticks to kids. List the types of problems that military veterans often face. New York Times, p. A1. Choose one of the five social institutions. But many observers say that the United States has neglected the veterans of later wars. War is not . Victims of military rape deserve justice. In Social Problems, Social Issues, Social Science, James D. Wright presents his research on some of the social issues that have most vexed America: homelessness, addiction, divorce, minimum wage, and gun control, among others. A popular explanation comes from the field of evolutionary biology and claims that a tendency toward warfare is hardwired into our genetic heritage because it conferred certain evolutionary advantages. New York Times. However, other scientists dispute the evolutionary explanation for several reasons (Begley, 2009). Racial and religious discrimination are the two significant social issues in America, Africa, and the world. Arms trade: A major cause of suffering. Americans are hurt, he warned, when the defense budget squanders money that could be used to repair schools or to guarantee universal health care (Arias, 1999, p. A19). The suicide rate of the general population is only 11.3 deaths per 100,000 population. This book has emphasized that children are often the innocent victims of various social problems from the time they are born, with important consequences for their futures. When napalm ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain and burns down to the bone, with death often resulting. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm. The high unemployment rate of the Iraq and Afghanistan veterans has made this need even more urgent. Retrieved from http://bangordailynews.com/2011/07/22/health/children-of-deployed-troops-struggle-researchers-find. Given the dynamic nature of gang-related violence today, we aim to include empirical and theoretical research . They also say that the stationing of some 300,000 American troops on 865 military bases abroad at the time of this writing, including 81,000 troops in Europe and 220,000 in other nations, is hardly needed to ensure the nations defense. Kaplan, F. (2012, February 13). As discussed earlier, President Eisenhower eloquently warned about the influence of the US military and the size of the military budget. Want to create or adapt books like this? In 2011, military spending (defense outlays by the Department of Defense and certain other agencies; outlays include costs for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars) according to the government was approximately $768 billion. This type of research accelerated, however, after several scandals involving sexual assault and harassment occurred during the 1990s on military bases and at military academies. This latter fact needs some explanation. This same sum could be used to pay the salaries of 10,000 new teachers earning $30,000 per year or to build twenty elementary schools at a cost of $15 million each. World War II had a direct influence on the social justice movements after the war and even today. Although this is almost an unimaginable number, there is cause for some hope, even as there is also cause for despair. We need to confront them to ensure equal treatment for everyone. Halperin, S. (2004). The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan provide additional examples of a theft from those who hunger and are not fed. These wars cost the United States about $1.3 trillion through 2012, for an average of more than $100 billion annually (Harrison, 2012). Grimmett, R. E. (2011). One social science issue related to war is the effects of war on the mental health of the service members . Author: jstor.org; Published: 01/26/2022; As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. Open Document. War between nations is called international war, while war within nations is called civil war. That is the good news and the cause for hope. Our specialists will write a custom essay on any topic for $13.00 $10.40/page. Several years later, she was still having many health problems and could not forget what happened to her. John Tirman, director of the Center for International Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, worries that Americans have neglected the civilian victims of war. New York, NY: Penguin. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. Retrieved from http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Public-Private-Organizations-Work-to-Help-Thousands-of-Homeless-Veterans-in-NY- 139520143.html. Most arms exports from the United States and other exporters go to developing nations. In M. D. Cavelty & V. Mauer (Eds. Because it took place in Iraq, many more Iraqis than Americans died or were wounded, and the war certainly affected Iraqi societyits infrastructure, economy, natural resources, and so forthfar more than it affected American society. Tirman (2012) acknowledges that the carpet bombing, atomic bombing, and other actions in World War II that killed hundreds of thousands of civilians may have had strategic purposes, and the morality of these actions remains hotly debated today. First, it excludes several military-related costs such as veterans benefits and interest on the national debt from past military spending. 19 Gathering the right information in small doses provides significantly more strategic awareness versus the reverse. Military spending is good for workers, they add, because it creates jobs, and it also contributes to technological development (Boot, 2012; England, 2012; McKeon, 2012). At the end of that war, however, the nuclear age began when the United States dropped two atomic weapons on Japan that killed tens of thousands instantly and tens of thousands more from radiation exposure. (1999). Washington rules: Americas path to permanent war. Defense outlays rose by 85 percent beyond inflation between 2000 and 2011. In 2010, more than 19,000 US military personnel, most of them women, were raped or sexually assaulted (Stalsburg, 2011). Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars. Federation of American Scientists. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Why nations go to war: A sociology of military conflict. Collier, E. C. (1993). Slate. They are countries that are using children as soldiers to dragging them and preventing them from going to school. Before the war, violent labor strikes were common in Britain and other European nations. Each F-35 costs about $300 million. ORDER NOW FOR AN ORIGINAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT: SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment. There is the natural fear that loved ones will never return from their overseas involvement in armed conflict. In World War II, Tirman adds, the United States dropped two atomic bombs that killed tens of thousands of civilians, and it joined its allies in the carpet bombing of German and Japanese cities that also killed hundreds of thousands. You can order essays, annotated bibliography, discussion, research papers, reaction paper, article critique, coursework, projects, case . One teenager recalled the tensions that arose when his father was in Iraq: I was in eighth grade when my dad deployed to Iraq. A popular explanation for war derives from evolutionary biology. Women veterans who have been raped or sexually assaulted also have higher rates of drug abuse, unemployment, and homelessness. As just one example of such waste, a 2011 federal audit found that cost overruns over the prior two years had added at least $70 billion to projected costs of various weapons systems (Drew, 2011). Despite this need, research on sexual assault in the military was scant before the early 2000s. DOD: New nuclear subs will cost $347 billion to acquire, operate. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab. In contrast, the United States spends 5.1 percent of its economy on its base military budget, which does not include costs for veterans benefits, for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, and military spending that falls outside the Pentagons budget. It would of course be a curious kind of "understanding" that had no implications for action, and this is perhaps especially true for the social sciences. It is a tremendously important branch of research that examines what it means to be a social being, how individuals function together as organized groups and societies, and how they interact with each other on issues of common interest. and the Russia-Ukraine War: A Collection Social Science Space is curating resources and publications relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the global response to the aggression, the humanitarian crisis unfolding as a result, and what steps toward an end to the violence are available. aaa hockey tournaments 2022, angela taylor obituary, black owned tattoo shops in houston,

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