rayburn house office building horseshoe

Fax: For the reasons stated, absent any claim of disruption of the congressional office by reason of lack of original versions, it is unnecessary to order the return of non-privileged materials as a further remedy for the violation of the Clause. The email address cannot be subscribed. Visit the tools page for links to free downloads. 2128 RHOB (Financial Services) Fax: (202) 225-0096, 2421 Rayburn House Office Building As [d]iscovery procedures can prove just as intrusive as naming Members or their staffs as parties to a suit, id. at 616, to date the Court has not spoken on whether the privilege conferred by the Clause includes a non-disclosure privilege. Studio B Letter from Robert P. Trout, supra note 2. Beginning with the observation that the prohibition in the Speech or Debate Clause is deceptively simple, this court held in Brown & Williamson, 62 F.3d at 415, that the Clause includes a non-disclosure privilege, id. We do not, however, hold, in the absence of a claim by the Congressman that the operations of his office have been disrupted as a result of not having the original versions of the non-privileged documents, that remedying the violation also requires the return of the non-privileged documents. Phone: (202) 225-4511. WebThe Rayburn House Office Building ( RHOB) is a congressional office building for the U.S. The FBI agents were to review and seize paper documents responsive to the warrant, copy all electronic files on the hard drives or other electronic media in the Congressman's office, and then turn over the files for review by a filter team consisting of two Justice Department attorneys and an FBI agent. Washington, DC 20515 Phone: (202) 225-5301 1 or any other pertinent privilege, id. 1813 (citing Doe v. McMillan, 412 U.S. 306, 314, 93 S.Ct. Washington, D.C. 20515 The Architect of the Capitol, J. George Stewart, with the approval of the House Office Building Commission, selected the firm of Harbeson, Hough, Livingston & Larson of Philadelphia to design a stripped-down classical building in architectural harmony with other Capitol Hill structures. Abner J. Mikva at 18; Amicus Br. 1957; Count 15, Obstruction of Justice, 18 U.S.C. 367, 92 L.Ed. at 420, and thereby potentially defeating the Clause's purpose to insulate Members of Congress from distractions that divert their time, energy, and attention from their legislative tasks, id. Senator Martha McSally (R-AZ), Congressman and Congressional Valley Fever Task Force Co-Chair David Schweikert (AZ-06), Congresswoman Karen Bass (CA-37), Congressman Greg Stanton (AZ-09), and U.S. Today, Congressman Kevin McCarthy, Co-Chairman of the Congressional Valley Fever Task Force, introduced H.R. 4. 2359 RHOB (Appropriations). Rayburn Horseshoe Entrance. See Warrant Aff. Our holding regarding the compelled disclosure of privileged documents to agents of the Executive during the search makes clear that the special procedures described in the warrant affidavit are insufficient to protect the privilege under the Speech or Debate Clause. At FindLaw.com, we pride ourselves on being the number one source of free legal information and resources on the web. We agree, for the Executive retains in its possession seized materials, including complete copies of every computer hard drive in Room 2113, which contain legislative material.3 See City of Erie v. Pap's A.M., 529 U.S. 277, 287, 120 S.Ct. The indictment included charges of racketeering, solicitation of (and conspiracy to solicit) bribes, money laundering, wire fraud, and obstruction of justice.1 Trial is scheduled to begin with jury selection in January 2008. This is an appeal from the denial of a motion, filed pursuant to Rule 41(g) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, seeking the return of all materials seized by the Executive upon executing a search warrant for non-legislative materials in the congressional office of a sitting Member of Congress. The Speech or Debate Clause protects against the compelled disclosure of privileged documents to agents of the Executive, but not the disclosure of non-privileged materials. 2200 RHOB (Foreign Affairs Committee) Additional useful numbers are listed below: Office of Congressional Accessibility Services: 202-224-4048 (voice) or 202-224-4049 (TTY)Federal Relay Service: 800-877-8339 (voice/TTY)Washington, DC, Relay Service: 202-855-1000 (voice) 202-855-1234 (TTY), U.S. House of Representatives 136, and (2) to identify information that may fall within the purview of the Speech or Debate Clause privilege, U.S. All rights reserved. o Longworth Take elevators to the basement level and follow signs to Cannon or Rayburn. Indeed, the application accompanying the warrant contemplated it. The Congressman makes clear in his brief that he is not suggesting advance notice is required by the Constitution before Executive agents arrive at his office. See Warrant Aff. Given this purpose, we concluded that the Clause permit[s] Congress to insist on the confidentiality of investigative files and therefore barred enforcement of the subpoena. WebThe entrance to the Rayburn House Office Building is on Independence Avenue. 2118 RHOB (Armed Services Committee) Materials determined to be privileged or not responsive would be returned without dissemination to the prosecution team. The search of Congressman Jefferson's office must have resulted in the disclosure of legislative materials to agents of the Executive. WebEventbrite - East-West Center in Washington presents The Launch of "Taiwan Matters For America/America Matters for Taiwan" - Tuesday, September 20, 2022 at Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2060 (Please go to Horseshoe Drive Entrance), Washington, DC. On May 18, 2006, the Department of Justice filed an application for a search warrant for Room 2113 of the Rayburn House Office Building, the congressional office of Congressman William J. Jefferson. See In re Search of the Rayburn House Office Bldg. 654, 7 L.Ed.2d 614 (1962)); In re Search of the Premises Known as 6455 South Yosemite, 897 F.2d 1549, 1554-56 (10th Cir.1990); United States v. Mid-States Exchange, 815 F.2d 1227, 1228 (8th Cir.1987) (per curiam). Taking his assertions in reverse order, such relief is unnecessary to deter future unconstitutional acts by the Executive. at 659-61 (relying on Brown & Williamson because [t]he Supreme Court has not spoken).2 But Brown & Williamson's brief comments regarding the Clause in the criminal context-which comments importantly acknowledge the Clause's less categorical scope in that context3 -REMAIN DICTA NO MATter how profound. maj. op. 1. 2020 RHOB My colleagues qualify Brown & Williamson's reference to Gravel, noting it [was] not a Member who [was] subject to criminal proceedings or process in Gravel. In defining the protections afforded by the Clause, the Supreme Court has limited the scope to conduct that is an integral part of the due functioning of the legislative process. United States v. Brewster, 408 U.S. 501, 513, 92 S.Ct. See United States v. Dorcely, 454 F.3d 366, 375 (D.C.Cir.2006) (carefully considered language of the Supreme Court, even if technically dictum, generally must be treated as authoritative (quoting Sierra Club v. EPA, 322 F.3d 718, 724 (D.C.Cir.2003))). 1813, 44 L.Ed.2d 324 (1975))). at 418 (italics omitted), the court held that [a] party is no more entitled to compel congressional testimony-or production of documents-than it is to sue congressmen, id. There is no dispute that the issuance of the search warrant for Rep. Jefferson's congressional office does not violate the Clause. Congressman Jefferson argued in the district court that he has suffered irreparable harm with no adequate remedy available at law because the violation of his constitutional rights cannot be vindicated by an action at law or damages or any other traditional relief.7 On appeal, however, the Congressman makes no claim that the functioning of his office has been impaired by loss of access to the original versions of the seized documents; the Remand Order directed that he be given copies of all seized documents. 1382, 146 L.Ed.2d 265 (2000); see also Legal Assistance for Vietnamese Asylum Seekers v. Dep't of State, 74 F.3d 1308, 1311 (D.C.Cir. 749, 15 L.Ed.2d 681 (1966), and was to serve as a protection against possible prosecution by an unfriendly executive and conviction by a hostile judiciary, id. Noting that the Speech or Debate privilege is not designed to protect the reputations of congressmen but rather the functioning of Congress, id. According to the affidavit, these procedures were designed: (1) to minimize the likelihood that any potentially politically sensitive, non-responsive items in the Office will be seized and provided to the [p]rosecution [t]eam, Thibault Aff. WebRayburn House Office Building construction and dedication. More comprehensive informationincluding assistive listening devices, public TTY locations, tour details, service animals, family restrooms, and a shuttle to Capitol Visitor Centeris available from the Architect of the Capitol. denied, Office of Sen. Mark Dayton v. Hanson, 550U.S. at 15, it does not deny that compelled review by the Executive occurred, nor that it occurred in a location where legislative materials were inevitably to be found, nor that some impairment of legislative deliberations occurred. 137-38, the FBI agents who executed the search warrant shall continue to be barred from disclosing the contents of any privileged or politically sensitive and non-responsive items, id. If the Senate is in session past 4 p.m., one U.S. Capitol Police security screening area will be open in the Capitol Visitor Centers north screening area to accommodate Gallery access. at JA 80-87 (directing search team to seize only records responsive to warrant and to provide potentially privileged records to Rep. Jefferson and to district court to determine privilege vel non); Search Warrant (May 21, 2006), reprinted in JA at 3 (incorporating Warrant Affidavit by reference). The public entrance to the U.S. Capitol is through the U.S. Capitol Visitor Center. at 15-16, and that any violation of the privilege does not deprive the Executive of the right to retain all non-privileged materials within the scope of the search warrant. Studio A Today, Congressman McCarthy, as Co-Chair of the Congressional Valley Fever Task Force, along with 16 of his colleagues in the House, sent a letter to National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Francis Collins in support of grant funding to help move a Valley Fever diagnostic tool into primary care settings, such as the family doctors office. Capitol Hill Facts - Rayburn House Office Building | Architect of The Ca at 419, the court concluded that document production threatened to distract the two Members from their legislative duties, see id. July 28, 2006). at JA 87-88 (internal citations omitted), the district court ensured that the warrant encompassed only unprivileged records. Please vist Alert DC at alert.dc.gov to sign up. The Office of Congressional Accessibility Services (OCAS) provides a variety of services for individuals with disabilities. 2614, to the existence of criminal proceedings against persons other than Members of Congress at least suggest that the testimonial privilege might be less stringently applied when inconsistent with a sovereign interest. Brown & Williamson, 62 F.3d at 419-20. Although Brown & Williamson involved civil litigation and the documents being sought were legislative in nature, the court's discussion of the Speech or Debate Clause was more profound and repeatedly referred to the functioning of the Clause in criminal proceedings. at 528. at 660, my colleagues first acknowledge that Brown & Williamson involved civil litigation, id. Contact us. The Congressman does not dispute that congressional offices are subject to the operation of the Fourth Amendment and thus subject to a search pursuant to a search warrant issued by the federal district court. Brown & Williamson, 62 F.3d at 416. 1310 LHOB (House Administration Committee) at 415 (quoting Eastland v. U.S. Servicemen's Fund, 421 U.S. 491, 502, 95 S.Ct. See Brewster, 408 U.S. at 516, 92 S.Ct. UNITED STATES of America, Appellee v. RAYBURN HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING, ROOM 2113, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515, Appellant. The special procedures described in the warrant affidavit called for review by FBI agents and the several members of the Justice Department filter team before the Congressman would be afforded an opportunity to identify potentially privileged materials. Webthe building and one in the southwest corner of the building. The bar on compelled disclosure is absolute, see Eastland, 421 U.S. at 503, and there is no reason to believe that the bar does not apply in the criminal as well as the civil context. at 660, in Brown & Williamson we relied heavily on the Clause's purpose-shielding the legislative process from disruption-in reading the Clause's prohibition of question[ing] broadly to protect the confidentiality, see Brown & Williamson, 62 F.3d at 417-21, of records from the reach of a civil subpoena. at 660. Please try again. Its shield does not extend beyond what is necessary to preserve the integrity of the legislative process, Brewster, 408 U.S. at 517, and it does not prohibit inquiry into illegal conduct simply because it has some nexus to legislative functions, id. Rayburn Foyer. According to Brewster, a Member of Congress may be prosecuted under a criminal statute provided that the Government's case does not rely on legislative acts or the motivation for legislative acts. Id. Opinion concurring in the judgment filed by Circuit Judge HENDERSON. Cf. Leasing Corp. v. United States, 429 U.S. 338, 359-60, 97 S.Ct. Open 7:30a.m. 5:00 p.m. daily, including all weekends and holidays. ", "Appeals Court: Raid on Jefferson's Office Violated Constitution", General George Washington Resigning His Commission, First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln, Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States, George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door, Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way, Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rayburn_House_Office_Building&oldid=1109268358. Any questions should be directed to the administrators of this or any other specific sites. Unlike the majority, however, I believe that neither the Supreme Court nor Brown & Williamson holds that the Clause precludes Executive Branch execution of a search warrant. David Schweikert is serving his seventh term in the United States Congress. I, 6, cl. at 420. The Capitol Visitor Center is open from 8:30 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. Tours are available 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. The Rayburn House Office Building (RHOB) is a congressional office building for the U.S. House of Representatives in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington, D.C., between South Capitol Street and First Street. This court's jurisdiction of the Congressman's appeal rests on the collateral order doctrine. The court ordered expedition of this appeal, id., and oral argument was heard on May 15, 2007. 62 F.3d at 419-20 (distinguishing Gravel's criminal context from civil subpoena). at JA 79; see also id. 3. 749, 15 L.Ed.2d 681 (1966). Id. 2113 Washington, D.C. 20515, 432 F.Supp.2d 100, 113 (D.D.C.2006), the district court noted that the warrant sought only materials that were outside of the legitimate legislative sphere, id. In the district court's view, the Speech or Debate Clause was not implicated by execution of the search warrant because a seizure of documents did not involve a testimonial element. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Brewster, 408 U.S. at 508 (speech or debate privilege was designed to preserve legislative independence, not supremacy) (emphasis added).12, In sum, I believe the Executive Branch's execution of a search warrant on a congressional office-with its unavoidable but minimal exposure to records of legislative acts-does not constitute question[ing] within the meaning of the Speech or Debate Clause. WebOffice Room Phone Committee Assignment; D'Esposito, Anthony: New York 4th : R : 1508 7. Still, the speech or debate privilege was designed to preserve legislative independence, not supremacy. United States v. Brewster, 408 U.S. 501, 508, 92 S.Ct. Gravel's holding that the Clause does not immunize Senator or aide from testifying at trials or grand jury proceedings involving third-party crimes is replete with observations that the Clause provides no protection for criminal conduct performed at the direction of the [Member] or done without his knowledge by an aide. The district court denied a stay on July 19, 2006. Yet, to the extent the majority reads Brown & Williamson to limit Gravel to process served on a congressional aide during a criminal investigation of a third party, that reading mischaracterizes both Brown & Williamson and Gravel. I, 6, cl. H-137 Hallway In drafting the Speech or Debate Clause, the Framers drew upon English history and the long struggle for parliamentary supremacy against Tudor and Stuart monarchs during which successive monarchs utilized the criminal and civil law to suppress and intimidate critical legislators from publicly opposing the Crown. This markup took place in 2322 of the Rayburn House Office Building. See Maj. Op. 783 (The privilege of legislators to be free from arrest or civil process for what they do or say in legislative proceedings has taproots in the Parliamentary struggles of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.). 655-56. Most important, to construe the Speech or Debate Clause as providing an absolute privilege against a seizure of non-privileged materials essential to the Executive's enforcement of criminal statutes pursuant to Article II, Section 3 on no more than a generalized claim that the separation of powers demands no less would, as the Supreme Court has observed, albeit as to a qualified privilege, upset the constitutional balance of a workable government. Nixon, 418 U.S. at 707, 94 S.Ct. 2018, 2020, 167 L.Ed.2d 898 (2007); Johnson, 383 U.S. at 185 (With all references to [legislative material] eliminated [from the indictment], we think the Government should not be precluded from a new trial on this count, thus wholly purged of elements offensive to the Speech or Debate Clause.). Art. Only after failing to obtain the records through investigative means within Rep. Jefferson's ability to control did the government turn to a search warrant, which minimizes Rep. Jefferson's role-and his Fifth Amendment right. 1343, 1346 and 1349 (wire fraud and deprivation of honest services), 15 U.S.C. No. 2113 (Rayburn), 432 F.Supp.2d 100, 116 (D.D.C.2006) (A federal judge is not a mere rubber stamp in the warrant process, but rather an independent and neutral official sworn to uphold and defend the Constitution.). Opinion for the Court filed by Circuit Judge ROGERS. Veterans Crisis Line: Call: 988 (Press 1) Social Media. Cf. Beginning on Saturday night, May 20, more than a dozen FBI agents spent about 18 hours in Room 2113. 2531, 33 L.Ed.2d 507 (1972), but rather evidence of crimes, see supra pp. The Speech or Debate Clause provides that for any Speech or Debate in either House, [Members of Congress] shall not be questioned in any other Place. U.S. Const. 6. Web2244 Rayburn House Office Building. He is also the Lead House Republican on the bicameral Joint Economic Committee, co-chairs the Valley Fever Task Force with Speaker Kevin McCarthy, and is the Republican Co-Chair of the Blockchain Caucus, Telehealth Caucus, Singapore Caucus, and the Caucus on Access to Capital and Credit. There, the Supreme Court rejected the argument that the First Amendment imposed a bar to third-party search warrants absent a prior opportunity by the press to litigate the state's entitlement to the material before it is turned over or seized. This roundtable brought optimism and excitement for a vaccine to cure Valley Fever in dogs within the next three years, and later a cure for humans. To the extent the Executive expresses concern about the burdens placed upon the district court and attendant delay during judicial review of seized materials, the Remand Order illustrates a streamlined approach by narrowing the number of materials the district court may be required to review. 2322 RHOB (Energy and Commerce Committee) 9. Neither does the Congressman maintain that the Speech or Debate Clause protects unprivileged evidence of unprivileged criminal conduct. 1324 LHOB (Natural Resrouces Committee) Phone numbers for House and Senate offices, both voice and TTY, are available by calling the Capitol switchboard at 202-224-3121 (voice) or 202-224-3091 (TTY). 4. Johnson v. United States, 228 U.S. 457, 458, 33 S.Ct. I, 6, cl. Accordingly, while I concur in the judgment which affirms the district court's denial of Representative William J. Jefferson's (Rep.Jefferson) Rule 41(g) motion, I do not agree with the majority's reasoning and distance myself from much of its dicta. The grandson of a cattle rancher and the son of a firefighter, Kevin grew up a working-class family and is committed to preserving and promoting the American dream for hardworking Americans. The affiant asserted that the Executive had exhausted all other reasonable methods to obtain these records in a timely manner. Furthermore, [d]epriving the Executive of the power to investigate and prosecute and the Judiciary of the power to punish bribery of Members of Congress is unlikely to enhance legislative independence. Brewster, 408 U.S. at 525 (emphasis added); see id. Indeed, Gravel refus[ed] to distinguish between Senator and aide in applying the Speech or Debate Clause, Gravel, 408 U.S. at 622 (emphasis added), finding instead the existence of criminal proceedings dispositive, id. Rayburn was completed in early 1965 and is home to the offices of 169 representatives. The Executive's search of the Congressman's paper files therefore violated the Clause, but its copying of computer hard drives and other electronic media is constitutionally permissible because the Remand Order affords the Congressman an opportunity to assert the privilege prior to disclosure of privileged materials to the Executive; the Executive advises, see Appellee's Br. Washington, DC 20515 The compelled disclosure of legislative materials to FBI agents executing the search warrant was not unintentional but deliberate-a means to uncover responsive non-privileged materials. For months, the government repeatedly tried and failed-due in part to Rep. Jefferson's invocation of his Fifth Amendment right-to obtain records in his congressional office via a series of subpoena duces tecum. 163, 52 L.Ed. See Appellee's Br. Kevin McCarthy proudly serves Californias 20th district and is serving as the 55th Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. In essence, therefore, what the Clause promotes is the Member's ability to be open in debate-free from interference or restriction-rather than any secrecy right. 78dd-1 et seq. CVC-217 (South Congressional Meeting Room) This system allows the Rayburn building to be connected to most of the Congressional office buildings on Capitol Hill via tunnel (the Ford House Office Building is freestanding and attached to no other structures by tunnel). The Capitol Subway System, an underground transportation system, connects the building to the Capitol. Web5 Presidents and 7 major presidential nominees have used rooms in the House Office Buildings at some point in their careers. Phone: 202-224-3121 R. Crim. Phone: (202) 225-2190 The United States Capitol Police has a strong partnership with DCs Homeland Security and Emergency Management Agency (HSEMA). In March 1955, House Speaker Sam Rayburn introduced an amendment for a third House office building, although no site had been identified, no architectural study had been done, and no plans prepared. On July 11, 2006, Congressman Jefferson filed a notice of appeal and a motion for a stay pending appeal. See Gravel, 408 U.S. at 626. 2358RHOB (Appropriations) Note: Last entry is at 4:30 p.m.Closed to the public on Sundays, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year's Day. For example, in Brewster, a case involving the criminal prosecution of a Member, the Supreme Court described the violation of the Clause that occurred in United States v. Johnson, 383 U.S. 169, 86 S.Ct. Reliance by the Executive and the district court on Zurcher v. Stanford Daily, 436 U.S. 547, 566-67, 98 S.Ct. Our district encompasses most of Seattle See id. Currently, Immuno-Mycologics, Inc. 2059 Rayburn House Office Building Cf. He argued, inter alia, that the issuance and execution of the search warrant violated the Speech or Debate Clause and sought an order enjoining FBI and Justice Department review or inspection of the seized materials. There are a variety of services available to people visiting the Capitol and to those visiting online. Quite the contrary is true. Gravel v. United States, 408 U.S. 606, 626, 92 S.Ct. It See infra pp. In addressing application of the exclusionary rule in the context of the Fourth Amendment, the Supreme Court pointed out in Leon that [p]articularly when law enforcement officers have acted in objective good faith [on a warrant issued by a neutral magistrate] or their transgressions have been minor, the possible benefit from exclusion, in terms of future deterrence, is limited, 468 U.S. at 907-08, 104 S.Ct. As Gravel noted, his aide's privilege derives from the Member's. 2237 RHOB (Judiciary Committee) of Hr'g, June 16, 2006, at 35; see Appellant's Br. 390 CHOB (Cannon Caucus Room), Longworth Lobby Stakeout East at 661. i Believe the question can be directly answered yes without resort to dicta or any other indirect support or theory. Moreover, the FBI agents responsible for the search of Rep. Jefferson's congressional office went to great lengths to minimize disruption8 by, inter alia, executing the warrant when the Congress was not meeting, imaging computer hard drives rather than searching the computers, using specific search terms for both paper and electronic records and, most important, creating Filter Teams-one for paper records and one for electronic records-and ensuring subsequent in camera judicial review to minimize exposure to privileged records. 749, 15 L.Ed.2d 681 (1966)-another criminal case-as arising from the use of evidence of a legislative act to support the indictment. Stay up-to-date with how the law affects your life. Our task is to determine how to reconcile the scope of the protection that is afforded to a Member of Congress under the Speech or Debate Clause with the Executive's Article II responsibilities for law enforcement. WebThe Architect estimated that the cost to June 30, 1966 (believed to be the estimated cost to completion), would be $98,209,685, including $8,955,685 for the subway between the Capitol and the Rayburn Building and for the pedestrian tunnels between the Longworth and Ray- Some parts of the lockdown were removed, though other areas remained sealed. The cornerstone was laid in May 1962, and full occupancy began in February 1965. 378, 136 L.Ed.2d 1 (1996). P. 41(g). As [t]he laws of this country allow no place or employment as a sanctuary for crime, Williamson v. United States, 207 U.S. 425, 439, 28 S.Ct. Remand Order of July 28, 2007. 11. 12. The Capitol complex was sealed off, and staff in the building were told to stay in their offices after the building was put into lockdown by the United States Capitol Police. At the same time, the remedy must give effect not only to the separation of powers underlying the Speech or Debate Clause but also to the sovereign's interest under Article II, Section 3 in law enforcement. Fields v. Office of Eddie Bernice Johnson, 459 F.3d 1, 13-16 (D.C.Cir.2006) (affirming denial of Member's motion to dismiss on Speech or Debate Clause ground but noting that even [w]hen the Clause does not preclude suit altogether, it may preclude some relevant evidence) (en banc), cert. The version of the Clause adopted by the Founders closely resembles the language adopted in the English Bill of Rights of 1689, which came out of the long struggle for governmental supremacy between the English monarchs and the Parliament, during which the criminal and civil law were used to intimidate legislators. Office of Congressional Accessibility Services: Office of Congressional Accessibility Services, Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, version 2.1. Pedestrian tunnels also connect the Rayburn building to the Capitol and to the Longworth House Office Building.

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