analysis and synthesis of data about floods in alexandra

In all, at least 23 people died in the 2016 West Virginia floods, and an estimated 1,500 homes and businesses were ruined. The city government saw a 10% decrease in water utility customers, a proxy for population loss. Discontinuities at regional boundaries need to be investigated and the alternative approach of transferring hydrological information from gauged to ungauged sites within a region should be evaluated. /Rotate 0 The details of who wins and who loses when it comes to flood insurance could be useful for Congress and FEMA as they address climate risks. Flood damage is also skyrocketing in wealthier parts of the country. endobj /Type /Catalog After the initial selection of gauges, additional gauges with 15-20 years of record were investigated for inclusion in the analysis in areas which did not have any gauges included in the initial selection. University of Pretoria, Pretoria. If you are unsure what these terms mean you should probably contact your host. Follow More. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] In this topic, youll learn how to use the solution by assuming the role of a user and performing the workflows below. 8 0 obj You can find the riskTypeTable in the FloodImpactAnalysis.gdb. Stay safe and keep a safe following distance when driving., #flooding Region E Officers monitoring rising water levels along the Jukskei river near Setswetla Informal settlement, Alexandra pic.twitter.com/gT8H0u2Txq, City of Joburg EMS (@CityofJoburgEMS) February 8, 2020, Motorists are advised to avoid the Buccleuch Dr Bridge, due to flooding of Jukskei River. Floods. University of Pretoria, Pretoria. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB They've considered moving, but so far they've decided to stay and hope the city can fix some drainage problems quickly. As part of the development of the Joint Peak-Volume (JPV) methodology, Grgens (2007) developed a regionalised index flood approach to design flood estimation for South Africa. Hence, the longer the period of record, the better the assumption that the selected distribution represents the distribution of the population of all extreme events at the site. 3 0 obj 71 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream . analysis and synthesis of data about floods in alexandra Signup for our newsletter to get notified about our next ride. The results from an analysis of the performance of the RFFA methods are shown in Table 1, which includes both the MAREM,D values for each method and the average slope between the 2 to 100 year return period floods computed at each site using the selected method (Estimated) and estimated from the observed data at the site (Observed). /Font 14 0 R 6, the veld type zones were grouped into 3 groups (Grgens 2007) as: (i) Group A (Veld Type Zone 2), (ii) Group B (Veld Type Zones 4, 5, 6, 7), and (iii) Group C (Veld Type Zones 1, 3, 8, 9). WRC Report No. [Links], STEDINGER JR, VOGEL RM and FOUFOULA-GEORGIOU E (1993) Frequency analysis of extreme events. A narrative synthesis can provide a first step in looking systematically at, and organising, the data. 811/1/00. Artificially cheap federal flood insurance has incentivized developers and residents to build in places that are more and more likely to be underwater. If you are pregnant, nursing, taking medications, or have a medical condition, consult your physician before using this product. But so far the efforts have stalled. 1/72. Identification of regional distributions. A flood scenario can be defined in the risk type table as a percent chance of flooding, historical average such as 100 year, or number of feet above normal. 00vtt0h 1sFGGgqt0v` bLEBD^`-@B`SC:w;8? For example, you may want to show a flood impact area at 5 feet against a building to illustrate the depth of flood on the building. 298/1/94. The catchment descriptors (Desi) included catchment area, equal area catchment slope, MAR90, and an index of the veld type zone or K-region. /Type /Page Since then, the house has flooded three more times once in 2019 and twice last year. Consequently the adequacy of a given hydraulic structure can then be tested in a simulation experiment as shown for instance by De Michele et al., (2005). Both linear and exponential relationships were developed to estimate the MEF as a function of catchment area. mean annual flood) at ungauged sites in a region. "Now, it was just silence," he remembers. Get to know Flood Impact Analysis by completing the following steps: Start ArcGIS Pro and open the Flood Impact Analysis project. Overhauling the National Flood Insurance Program could offer some relief to towns like Rainelle. 10 also confirm the poor performance of the JPV method when the regionalised LP3 distribution is used. Using design to make life better for people. /ExtGState 41 0 R Get to know Flood Impact Analysis by completing the following steps: Flood Impact Analysis supports a series of workflows that streamline the process of developing flooding scenarios to help plan for a flood event. hide caption. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] > 50 years) and this limits the confidence in design floods estimated using data from a single site, particularly when using shorter record lengths and when estimating design values for longer return periods (e.g. ", The cost of flood damage to homes in the U.S. will increase by more than 50% in the next 30 years, the First Street Foundation estimates. In addition, design floods generally need to be estimated at sites where observed flood data are not available and thus rainfall-based methods or regionalised methods need to be used to estimate design floods at ungauged sites. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The result is a 3D version of the 2D raster data. hide caption. Methodology: For analysis on race and income, NPR divided all ZIP codes that First Street Foundation has provided data for into quartiles based on average annualized loss per flood-prone home compared with the insurance premium the homes are required to pay, and compared the quartiles' distribution of percentage of white non-Hispanic residents as well as where the zip codes rank nationally in terms of median household income. This task allows you to convert the map containing the results of the flood impact analysis to a 3D scene using 3D symbology and scene elevation. Flooding swept through parts of Soweto and Alexandra, damaging homes and forcing residents to evacuate. The poor performance of the JPV method with the regionalised LP3 distribution needs to be investigated. Only the studies reported by Mkhandi et al. ALEXANDER WJR (1990) Flood Hydrology for Southern Africa. Routledge, London, UK. But the financial calculus there is different, because homeowners can afford flood insurance at least up to a point. Generally, growth curves (ratio of design flood/index flood vs. return period), or regionalised scaled distribution parameters, are developed for each region. The risk value for each raster is read from the riskTypeTable for the chosen risk type. "We're the prey," he says. << [Links], VAN BLADEREN D (1993) Application of historical flood data in flood frequency analysis, for the Natal and Transkei region. "You could hear the water up in the mountains just crashing trees," Trigg remembers. A limitation of using a single-site approach to flood frequency analysis is that relatively few gauging stations in South Africa have long record lengths (e.g. He's running for mayor, and he imagines Rainelle hosting an Appalachian music festival and attracting hiking tourists. Water Research Commission, Pretoria. After screening of the data, only 122 stations were included in further analyses (Fig. Water Research Commission, Pretoria. /Resources << 4. /Title (ASSESSING DISASTER RISK IN ALEXANDRA TOWNSHIP Amendments FINAL) [Links], KOVACS ZP (1988) Regional maximum flood peaks in South Africa. ", King is not surprised by NPR's findings that residents of Southbridge are getting a worse deal on flood insurance compared with residents of wealthier, whiter parts of the state. The method developed by Van Bladeren (1993) is applicable for RMF Regions 5.0 to 5.6 in Natal and Transkei. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Research Report RC 15658. >> /Font 39 0 R endobj 6 0 obj (2000) and Haile (2011) utilised the statistics of the at-site data with various homogeneity tests to identify homogenous flood regions in their study areas. You can then symbolize the low-level crossings by flood depth. To share the flood impact in 3D, follow the tasks in the Share 3D flood impact scene task group. /F3 47 0 R John Wyatt, a member of the Rainelle, W.Va., City Council, says, "A lot of people couldn't afford to repair their houses. 4 0 obj 1 0 obj floods by using one of the most advanced techniques of data processing and management; [3] o NVE project aims to achieve maps of flood risk in Norway. Poorer people stand to lose the most to flooding as the climate changes, and the federal government is ill-prepared to address the problem through the current federal flood insurance program. Ryan Kellman/NPR In: Proceedings of Sixth South African National Hydrological Symposium. However, the JPV method with the regionalised GEV distribution generally performed well, with the veld zone regionalisation giving better results than the RMF K-region regionalisation. /R7 44 0 R The selected probability distribution is assumed to represent the population of all extreme events from the site. To analyze impacted buildings and symbolize the impact, follow the steps in the Analyze buildings task. Ryan Kellman/NPR You can label the point with the minimum height attribute value to show how much clearance there will be below the bridge or how deep the water will be over the bridge if the height above water has a negative value. These flood impact areas will be the foundation for analyzing impact to buildings, roads, or bridges in each of the subsequent tasks. The result will be a new feature class representing road segments with a depth attribute for each flood scenario. In: Parker DJ (ed.) For many flow-gauging stations investigated in this study, exceedance of the rating table by observed river stage was evident by values in the AMS which are constant and equal to the maximum rated discharge for the flow-gauging structure. [Links], GRGENS AHM (2007) Joint peak-volume (JPV) design flood hydrographs for South Africa. /Annots [19 0 R] endobj Opqlzg yY}7p, Microsoft Word - Flood Frequency Example - Instantaneous Peaks.doc. The Flood Impact Analysis ArcGIS Pro project includes a series of tasks to help guide you through the workflows below. Mkhandi et al. The home he and his wife lived in was destroyed, as were almost all of the other homes on their block. 339 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<89E9D5212B1D2248BF238A2327DBA6A1>]/Index[317 43]/Info 316 0 R/Length 109/Prev 157782/Root 318 0 R/Size 360/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream /Subject () >> As shown in Fig. hide caption. /Rotate 0 Those changes could help address the current race and income disparities in the cost of flood insurance.

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