hep b vaccine for newborns pros and cons

As with any medication, there is a small risk of serious issues after vaccination. Accessed April 27, 2023. https://vaccines.procon.org/vaccine-histories-and-impact/hepatitis-b/, Born Gay? Hepatitis B is aninfection of the liver. There is also a newer hepatitis B vaccine thats offered in two doses. Vaccines are very effective at preventing disease, but they don't work all the time. Hepatitis B questions and answers for the public. These parents, apparently, are debating whether to immunize their child or not, particularly with the Hepatitis B vaccine. (We burped our last baby every five minutes during feeds to prevent colic.) Sometimes I even learn a thing or two from parents. The babies are usually healthy, the parents are usually happy and appreciative, and I get to give a lot of good news. Some people with HBV do not even know they are infected. Parents ask a lot of questions, which I appreciate and encourage, but they also make a lot of claims about the care of children based on their prior experience, advice from well-meaning friends and family, or their evaluation of the online literature. Some of these claims I will challenge, nicely of course, when they are demonstrably wrong or increase the risk for a bad outcome. It is okay to get an extra dose, but it is not necessary. The vaccine is extremely safe, and the benefit far outweighs any small degree of risk. All rights reserved. Children typically receive the hepatitis B vaccine as a series of three shots: If a newborns birth parent has hepatitis B, they should receive the vaccine within 12 hours following birth. Over the years, the recommendation for timing of the first dose has changed from at birth before hospital discharge or at age 1-2 months to simply newborns before hospital discharge in 2002, with qualifiers of medical stability and weight greater than 2,000 grams added in 2005. Some people also experience headache or fever. Your child needs at least 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine to be fully protected. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Academy of Pediatrics strongly recommend children receive all vaccines according to the recommended vaccine schedule. What are the risks of not getting the vaccine? Symptoms usually go away within 48 to 72 hours. Most of the recommended childhood immunizations are 90%-100% effective, according to the CDC. They are asked to allow their little bundle of joy to go through a long list of interventions that take the baby away from their sight and can cause discomfort: antibiotic eye ointment, vitamin K injections, heel sticks for metabolic screening, hearing testing, jaundice levels, screening for heart defects, and finally, the hepatitis B vaccine. Some patients will also develop more significant systemic symptoms consisting of muscle and joint pain, hive-like rashes, and tender swollen lymph nodes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), academic.oup.com/jid/article/214/1/16/2469742, who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b, hepb.org/news-and-events/news-2/many-more-u-s-adults-to-get-vaccinated-against-hepatitis-b-following-move-by-u-s-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-cdc/, nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/hepatitis-b-vaccine/, cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/vaccines/hepatitis-b-vaccine.html, aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.32265, hepb.org/prevention-and-diagnosis/vaccination/, cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7113a1.htm?s_cid=mm7113a1_w, FDA OKs Second COVID-19 Bivalent Booster Shot for Older Adults, At-Risk People, Skin Cancer Vaccine May Help Prevent it From Returning, Pfizer RSV Vaccine Trials Show Protection for Infants and Older Adults, Monkeypox and the Smallpox Vaccine: Your Questions Answered, Covid Arm After Moderna or Pfizer Shot: What to Know, people who have had more than one sex partner in the last 6 months, people seeking treatment for a sexually transmitted infection, people whose partners or household members have hepatitis B, people who live or work in care facilities, travelers to countries where hepatitis B is common, people with chronic liver disease, HIV, or hepatitis C, youve had a serious allergic reaction to a previous dose of the hepatitis B vaccine, you have a history of hypersensitivity to yeast or any other HBV vaccine components. About 1 out of every 600,000 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine will cause a severe allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis, with symptoms including swelling of the mouth, difficulty breathing, low blood pressure or shock. The HepB vaccine can be given along with other vaccines like BCG, Hepatitis A, MMR, or travel immunizations. This includes mother-to-child transmission, and horizontal transmission from close contacts. For reasons we dont fully understand, at any time a patient can develop increased replication of the virus and increased inflammation of the liver. People may also experience more serious symptoms as the condition progresses, including severe vomiting, yellow eyes or skin, and a swollen stomach. People should ideally receive the vaccine at as young an age as possible to protect them from contracting hepatitis B. Questions about the need for giving the baby of a mother who has tested negative for hepatitis B infection a vaccination to protect them from a disease commonly thought of as an adult affliction, and related to adult behaviors, are understandable. Hepatitis B: Questions and answers. Most of the time these arent anti-vaccine parents, they just dont understand why it cant wait until they take the baby in to see their primary care pediatrician. Sadly, there is no available vaccine for protection from Hepatitis C. No, extra doses of the vaccine do not cause any harm. Your baby only needs the three-dose shot (or in some vaccine brands, four doses) to have him protected. They can have the vaccine later instead. Although some people rarely experience serious side effects, its most likely that youll have few if any side effects. This statistic includes 2.4 million individuals living in the United States. His rationale amounts to waiting until they are completely past the stage where children have the highest risk of developing chronic infection and ultimately dying of liver disease or cancer. About 1 out of every 600,000 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine will cause a severe allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis, with symptoms including swelling of the mouth, difficulty breathing, low blood pressure or shock. People who have diabetes should talk with a healthcare professional about their risk for contracting hepatitis B. The complicating factor is something called immune tolerance, a unique result when infection occurs in younger patients, particularly newborns who acquire the infection from their mother around the time of birth. These diseases may include hepatitis, liver cancer, or scarring of the liver or commonly known to us as cirrhosis. Read the Vaccine Information Sheet(s) your babys doctor gave you to learn about side effects your baby may experience. The Hepatitis B vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines that your child can get. If you skip the shot and your baby gets a brain bleed, by the time symptoms emerge it may be too late. And thats in a perfectly healthy baby. The best way to prevent this infection is to get the hepatitis B vaccine. You are one step towards saving your child from the infectious bullies he will encounter along the way as he grows up. Because the acute infection frequently doesnt cause any symptoms, many cases go unreported. CDC, American Academy of Family Physicians and American Academy of Pediatrics strongly recommend children receive all vaccines according to the recommended vaccine schedule. Children infected with the Hepatitis B virus face a high risk of liver cancer or cirrhosis later in life. Definitely, no. Learn whether a previous smallpox vaccine can protect you against the current monkeypox outbreak. Immunizations have protected children for years, but vaccines only work if your child is immunized. The people who spread the virus to others are often asymptomatic and dont even know that they are infected. According to the CDC, the vaccine is very safe, and the full series of the vaccine provides the highest possible level of protection from a hepatitis B infection. These are usually mild and go away on their own. Some children may also become infected with HBV while living in the same household as a person with a lifelong form of the infection. Rarely, some people have a serious and potentially life threatening allergic reaction to the vaccine. There are no known severe side effects in healthy people. If you have hepatitis B, your baby should get the first shot of hepatitis vaccine within 12 hours of birth. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Last medically reviewed on June 28, 2022. As a result, the children may miss their doses and need some catch-up immunization. The vaccine is very safe. Ann Marie is a licensed nurse in the Philippines. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Get a list of vaccines that your child may need, Learn the reasons you should follow the vaccine schedule, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Strengthening Your Babys Immune System, Infant and Childhood Immunization Resources, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The comments expressed by Dr. Jones are his own and do not represent the views or opinions of Newton-Wellesley Hospital or its administration. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. CDC twenty four seven. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. The hepatitis B vaccine is used to prevent hepatitis B. Its usually provided in three doses. Complications which are significantly more likely to occur in patients infected when they are infants. Unlike some other vacs, the HepB does not have a booster shot or extra dose to increase its effectiveness. He should get the first dose within the first 12 hours of his life. The ability to fight off the virus clearly improves with age. Parents and caregivers can minimize these side effects with the following tips: While many people misunderstand or misstate the dangers of some aspects of vaccination, there are still possibly severe conditions that doctors may associate with hepatitis B immunizations. Please enable scripts and reload this page. Overall there has been an almost 90% reduction in the diagnosis of new cases. The infant receives neither hepatitis B vaccine nor hepatitis B No serious reactions have been linked to this vaccine. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. We do test mothers for HBV activity during pregnancy but no test is perfect and information transfer from the OB or lab to the newborn service can be lost or accidentally altered. Hepatitis B (hep B), according to the CDC, is a contagious virus that is transmitted through blood, blood products, and other body fluids (such as semen) Symptoms include a sudden fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, dark urine, joint pain, and yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice). This is why the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended before leaving the hospital. But there is no need to restart the series. Immunizing your child against this virus will protect her now and when she is older and exposed to more people. If yes, tell us how itll go! In contrast, 95% of older children and adults will fight off the virus during the initial exposure. And protected kids cant spread the infection to the unprotected. He can be found on Twitter as @SBMPediatrics and is the co-host of The Prism Podcast with fellow SBM contributor Grant Ritchey. Terms of Service & Privacy Policy, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cirrhosis or permanent and severe scarring of the liver, Local reaction (soreness in the injection site, redness, and swelling). The Hepatitis B vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines that your child can get. Vaccines are very important for infants. Hepatitis B is a highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Newborns who for a medical or other reason did not getthe vaccine at birth should get their first dose as soon as possible, and completeall 3 dosesat the recommended intervals. WebIs the hepatitis B vaccine safe? Offer breastmilk or formula more often. They are caused by three different viruses. We take your privacy seriously. Though not a mother by nature but a mother by heart, Ann Marie loves to take care of her younger cousins as well as nephews and nieces during her free time. Hepatitis B primarily attacks the liver, causing inflammation that can damage this organ over time.

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