richard hakluyt reasons for colonization
How does inter-European rivalry figures into this text? degree in 1577. A prominent English attorney and his younger cousin, both named Richard Hakluyt, urged the English government to begin settlements in lands claimed nearly a century earlier by John and Sebastian Cabot who explored North America for King Henry VII of England. A person named Hugo Hakelute, who may have been an ancestor or relative of Richard Hakluyt, was elected Member of Parliament for the borough of Yatton in 1304 or 1305,[7] and between the 14th and 16th centuries five individuals surnamed "de Hackluit" or "Hackluit" were sheriffs of Herefordshire. "Richard Hakluyt contributed more to English letters, and has had more effect on English writing, than any other man who ever lived, with the possible exception of Shakespeare." In spirit, it was a continuation of Hakluyts own work, and the two editors probably became acquainted. She is also a writer of historical fiction. He was the chief promoter of a petition to James I for letters patent to colonize Virginia, which were granted to the London Company and Plymouth Company (referred to collectively as the Virginia Company) in 1606. (2021) 'English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View'. English Deutsch Franais Espaol Portugus Italiano Romn Nederlands Latina Dansk Svenska Norsk Magyar Bahasa Indonesia Trke Suomi Latvian Lithuanian esk . Richard Hakluyt was probably born in London, England, in 1553. "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." In that year, Hakluyt was a consultant to the Company when it was renewing its charter. Westminster School named a house after him as recognition of achievement of an Old Westminster. [20], Hakluyt was married twice, once in or about 1594[5] and again in 1604. What arguments does Hakluyt present in making a case for colonization? Richard Hakluyt, Reasons For Colonization, 1585 - ETTC. Firstly, his geographical studies were useful to merchants and explorers as guides to America. IV of, This page was last edited on 30 March 2023, at 03:18. 1. This implies that they are used to advance the ideals of the English population. That the mischiefs that the Indian Treasure wrought in time of Charles the late Emperor father to the Spanish king, is to be had in consideracion of the Queens most excellent Majesty, least the continually coming of the like treasure from thence to his son, work the unrecoverable annoyance of this Realm, whereof already we have had very dangerous experience. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Jan has taught history at the university level. Its overriding purpose was to stimulate, guide, and encourage an undertaking of incalculable national import. with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. Queen Elizabeth was under great pressure to provide for her people. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. In accordance with the instructions of Secretary Francis Walsingham, he occupied himself chiefly in collecting information of the Spanish and French movements, and "making diligent inquirie of such things as might yield any light unto our westerne discoveries in America. English Geographer. (2021, April 8). A particular discourse concerning the great necessity and manifold commodities that are like to grow to this Realm of England by the Western discoveries lately attempted, Written In the year 1584 by Richard Hakluyt of Oxford at the request and direction of the right worshipful Mr. Walter Raleigh now Knight, before the coming home of his Two Barks: and is divided into xxi chapters, the Titles whereof follow in the next leaf. The enterprise developed slowly with minor voyages for exploration first, but a colony was finally established at Roanoke Island, in Virginia, in 1587, which would become the famous 'Lost Colony' in American history. Hakluyt the Elder was a supporter of English participation in the exploration of America. That the limits of the king of Spains dominions in the West Indies be nothing so large as is generally imagined and surmised, neither those parts which he holdeth be of any such forces as is falsely given out by the popish Clergy and others his suitors, to terrify the Princes of the Religion and to abuse and blind them. [10], Hakluyt was ordained in 1578, the same year he began to receive a "pension" from the Worshipful Company of Clothworkers to study divinity. Omissions? In 1589 he published the first edition of his chief work, The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation, using eyewitness accounts as far as possible. Richard received a good education first at the Westminster School, and then at Christ Church, Oxford. Under the reference "Bib. But it is the Voyages that remains his memorial. That this western discoverie will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the Princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound amongst whom her Majestie is principally. . That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. April 8, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. A brief collection of certain reasons to induce her Majestie and the state to take in hand the western voyage and the planting there. This was the time when English attention was fixed on finding the northeast and northwest passages to the Orient and on Francis Drakes circumnavigation of the world. Hakluyt (1552-1616) was a geographer, historian, editor, and leading promoter of English colonial expansion in North America. This articleincorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:Coote, Charles Henry; Beazley, Charles Raymond (1911). This will be made possible because England will easily secure raw materials and control strategic ports. [17] This work contains an exceedingly-rare copperplate map dedicated to Hakluyt and signed F.G. (supposed to be Francis Gualle); it is the first on which the name "Virginia" appears.[14]. Richard Hakluyt, Reasons For Colonization, 1585 - Read more about rivers, commodities, vent, sundry, thence and hakluyt. For the full article, see Richard Hakluyt . His major publication, The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589), provides almost everything known about the early English voyages to North America. IV ("The Literature of the Sea") of vol. They saw colonization primarily as an economic venture that would open up hugely profitable new opportunities for English merchants. In the preface to this he announced the intended publication of the first terrestrial globe made in England by Emery Molyneux. The increase of the force of the Christians. When Richard Hakluyt was forty years old, he sat one day in his study in London with a walrus tusk in his hands. gradually changed in the direction of large and widespread colonization. [14], Hakluyt died on 23 November 1616, probably in London, and was buried on 26 November in Westminster Abbey;[5][27] by an error in the abbey register his burial is recorded under the year 1626. Among them were Humphrey Gilbert, an explorer and businessman; Gilbert's half-brother, Walter Raleigh (1552-1618); and writer and geographer Richard Hakluyt (1552-1616). Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London?died November 23, 1616, England), English geographer noted for his political influence, his voluminous writings, and his persistent promotion of Elizabethan overseas expansion, especially the colonization of North America. Richard Hakluyt was not an explorer nor a colonizer. IV of, It has been claimed that the Hakluyts were given "Eaton Hall" (Yatton?) Richard Hakluyt lived during the Age of Exploration when opportunities were opening for European countries to explore unknown lands. This essay on English Colonization of America in Hakluyts View was written and submitted by your fellow [5][8], Richard Hakluyt, the second of four sons, was born in Eyton in Herefordshire in 1553. From an early age, he was fascinated by geography and the prospect of the colonization of America. . Both of his parents died when he was quite young, leaving Richard and his siblings in the care of an older cousin. IvyPanda. Hakluyt was not blind to the profits arising from foreign trade. Hakluyt dedicated to Cecil the second (1599) and third volumes (1600) of the expanded edition of Principal Navigations and also his edition of Galvo's Discoveries (1601). This period included also the voyages of Christopher Columbus that opened the way for discovery and brought the 'Old' and 'New' Worlds into contact with each other. 828829. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. Grotius' arguments supported England's right to trade in the Indies. [23][26] Hakluyt's handwritten manuscript, MS Petyt 529, in Inner Temple Library in London was eventually published as The Free Sea for the first time in 2004. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. In this document, Hakluyt outlined particular points highlighting the benefits of colonization for the English people. . . Librarian and Map Curator, Royal Geographical Society, London, 194566. What does the evidence from the text suggest about Hakluyts conception of race? Grotius also argued that the seas should be freely navigable by all, which was useful since the England to Virginia route crossed seas which the Portuguese claimed. The latter term encompasses paganism, Judaism, and Islam. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In 1583 Walsingham, then one of the most important secretaries of state, sent Hakluyt to Paris as chaplain to Sir Edward Stafford, the English ambassador there. She taught for history for fifteen years. . Furthermore, fur, already exploited by the French, was another good reason for England to colonize. That this western voyage will yield unto us all the commodities of Europe, Africa, and Asia, as far as we were wont to travel, and supply the wants of all our decayed trades. [10] These religious occupations have occasioned reconsideration of the role played by spiritual concerns in Hakluyt's writings on exploration, settlement, and England's relations with its Catholic rivals. IvyPanda. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Purchas procured some of Hakluyts manuscripts after his death and used them in Haklvytvs Posthumus; or, Pvrchas His Pilgrimes of 1625. [book review]", "History and Objectives of the Hakluyt Society", "Virgin territories [review of Peter C. Mancall's, "America's debt to a forgotten hero: As the 400th anniversary of Jamestown nears, its spiritual father is being unjustly ignored", "Your letters: Hakluyt has not been forgotten", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Hakluyt&oldid=1147310286, People educated at Westminster School, London, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, "Richard Hakluyt," 13 in pt. Hakluyts family was of some social standing in the Welsh Marches and held property at Eaton. A brief collection of certain reasons to induce her Majestie and the state to take in hand the western voyage and the planting there. The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. Hakluyt's first publication[13] was one that he wrote himself, Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America and the Ilands Adjacent unto the Same, Made First of all by our Englishmen and Afterwards by the Frenchmen and Britons (1582). He spoke possibly four languages (including Greek, Latin, French and Italian), and his love of geography, many scholars say, was influenced by a large map he saw as a child. An ordained priest, Hakluyt held important positions at Bristol Cathedral and Westminster Abbey and was personal chaplain to Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, principal Secretary of State to Elizabeth I and James I.
